GS Paper 1 — History, Art & Culture, World History, Geography, Indian Society.
The long subjects. Five disciplines, ten centuries of material — taught the way the syllabus expects, with the bare facts foregrounded and the analysis kept honest.
Art Culture
From Harappan urbanism to Bhakti literature — the cultural backbone of GS Paper 1.
Modern History
1757 to 1947 — colonial rule, the freedom struggle, and the architecture of independent India.
World History
Revolutions, world wars, decolonisation, and the Cold War — what UPSC has actually asked.
Geography
Physical, human, Indian — from plate tectonics to the monsoon and resource distribution.
Indian Society
Caste, class, gender, communalism, and the modernisation of Indian social life.
The other papers
UPSC Mains GSGS Paper 1
History, Art & Culture, World History, Geography, Indian Society
GS Paper 2
Polity, Governance, Social Justice, International Relations
GS Paper 3
Economy, Agriculture, Science & Technology, Environment, Disaster Mgmt, Internal Security
GS Paper 4
Ethics, Attitude, Emotional Intelligence, Probity, Case Studies